ABSTRACT
Currently, the use of alternative medicine is necessary, even in animals. Our study focused on the valorisation of the use of herbal products in Algerian veterinary medicine. This study is based on a 6-month exploratory survey of 257 private practicing veterinarians, followed by a study of the bacteriological activity of the essential oil of the Pistacia lentiscus plant. The survey results generally indicate that private veterinarians support phytotherapy as an alternative to conventional drugs in several areas and species. Also, the results of research conducted on the antibacterial activity of Pistacia lentiscusessential oil show that it inactivates 50% of the bacterial strains. This confirms the well-defined role of this medicinal plant used as an alternative in veterinary medicine.(AU)
Na atualidade o emprego da medicina alternativa é uma realidade, inclusive para os animais; este trabalho visa a valorização do emprego de produtos fitoterápicos na medicina veterinária da Argélia. O presente estudo baseou-se em um levantamento realizado durante seis meses com 257 médicos veterinários do setor privado, seguido de uma investigação da atividade bacteriológica do óleo essencial da planta Pistacia lentiscus. Os resultados do levantamento indicaram que esses profissionais aceitam o emprego da fitoterapia como uma alternativa para as drogas de uso convencional em diferentes áreas e espécies de animais. A avaliação da atividade antibacteriana do óleo essencial da Pistacia lentiscusrevelou que 50% das estirpes bacterianas empregadas foram inativadas após seu uso, o que confirmou a possibilidade do emprego desta planta medicinal como uma alternativa para a medicina veterinária.(AU)
Subject(s)
Animals , Pistacia/microbiology , Phytotherapy , Anti-Infective Agents/administration & dosage , Oils, VolatileABSTRACT
In order to evaluate the potential of this formulation (P. lentiscus L. oil-based ointment) to heal wounds, experimental wounds were done on guinea pigs and efficiency was comparatively assessed against a reference ointment, Cicaderma®. Wound contraction was performed on days 5, 10 and 15. Tissue sections were also evaluated histopathological on days 7, 14 and 21. Results showed that for all days (5, 10 and 15), the highest wound contraction values were attained for the P. lentiscus oil-based ointment treated group with wound contraction values of 19.38, 55.8 and 77.11%, respectively, as compared to the reference drug Cicaderma® where contractions were 7.97%, 49.53% and 71.44%, respectively. Vehicle and negative control groups however showed no statistically significant wound healing activity on the excision wound model. These experimental studies revealed that the P. lentiscus oil-based ointment displays remarkable wound healing activity, in accordance with its use in traditional medicine.
Con el fin de evaluar el potencial de esta formulación (ungüento a base de aceite de P. lentiscus L.) para curar heridas, se realizaron heridas experimentales en cobayos y se evaluó comparativamente su eficacia respecto de un ungüento de referencia, Cicaderma®. La contracción de la herida se realizó los días 5, 10 y 15. Las secciones de tejido también se evaluaron histopatológicamente los días 7, 14 y 21. Los resultados mostraron que para todos los días (5, 10 y 15), se obtuvieron los valores más altos de contracción de la herida para el grupo tratado con ungüento a base de aceite de P. lentiscus con valores de contracción de la herida de 19.38, 55.8 y 77.11%, respectivamente, en comparación con el medicamento de referencia Cicaderma® en donde las contracciones fueron 7.97%, 49.53% y 71.44%, respectivamente. Sin embargo, los grupos de control de vehículo y negativo no mostraron actividad de curación de heridas estadísticamente significativa en el modelo de herida por escisión. Estos estudios experimentales revelaron que la pomada a base de aceite de P. lentiscus muestra una notable actividad de curación de heridas, de acuerdo con su uso en la medicina tradicional.
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Guinea Pigs , Ointments/pharmacology , Wound Healing/drug effects , Plant Oils/pharmacology , Pistacia/chemistry , SeedsABSTRACT
Pistacia lentiscus,which belongs to foreign medicine resources,is widely distributed in the Mediterranean and Middle Eastern area. The essential oils are a mixture of several volatile compounds mainly monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes obtained from different parts of P. lentiscus by hydrodistillation. The variability of chemical composition,biological activities and content of essential oil is strongly affected by extraction technology,environmental and sex factors. It is indicated that essential oils of P. lentiscus have kinds of biological activities such as antibacterial,anticancer,anti-atherogenesis,antioxidant,anti-inflammatory and insecticidal activities.Many scholars hold the opinion that combination of different components with synergistic and/or additive actions should account for their biological activities. Due to its diverse efficacy and special taste,the essential oil of P. lentiscus has been extensively used in medicine,food and cosmetics industries. A mini review of chemical constituents and biological activities of essential oil of P. lentiscus in the past20 years is made here to provide valuable reference for the construction of " the Belt and Road".
Subject(s)
Monoterpenes , Chemistry , Pharmacology , Oils, Volatile , Chemistry , Pharmacology , Pistacia , Chemistry , Plant Oils , Chemistry , Pharmacology , Sesquiterpenes , Chemistry , PharmacologyABSTRACT
Aims: The objective of the present study is to estimate the effect of the methanol extract of Pistacia lentiscus (PL) on plasma antioxidant capacity and biomarkers of oxidative stress in liver tissue of healthy female rats. Methodology: The present work assessments oral administration of methanol extract at doses of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg during 14 days on plasma antioxidant activities using DPPH and reducing power tests. Levels MDA, GSH and catalase activity in liver tissue of healthy female rats were estimated. Results: The doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg during 14 days caused significant elevation of plasma antioxidant capacity using DPPH radical scavenging activity and reducing power assay compared to the control. Also, evaluation of MDA levels revealed that the doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg reduced significantly the lipid peroxidation in liver tissues. Treatment with methanol extract at doses of 100, 200 showed no significant difference in GSH level in the liver when compared with control group. Moreover, the activity of catalase enzyme caused non significantly decreased in 100 and 200 mg/kg treated groups. Highest depletion of the antioxidant activity was reported in post administration of 400 mg/kg. Finally, the dose of 400 mg/kg of the methanol extract for 14 days leads to a decrease of GSH levels and catalase activity. For this reason, medicinal plants need a critical evaluation of dose administration to avoid its side effects.
ABSTRACT
This study aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of alcoholic and aqueous extracts of Pistacia lentiscus leaves. Croton oil-induced ear edema in mice, acetic acid-induced vascular permeability in mice and carrageenan induced-pleurisy in rats were conducted as acute inflammation models. Chemotaxis and elastase activity of human neutrophils were assayed in vitro. Results showed that local treatment with 2 mg/ear of alcoholic extract decreased significantly the ear edema (65%), while the aqueous extract exerted a lower inhibitory effect (51%). Moreover, the oral treatment with 200 mg/kg of alcoholic extract inhibited the vascular permeability by 46%, whereas the aqueous extract caused only 28% of inhibition. Furthermore, both extracts reduced significant the carrageenan induced-pleurisy. Indeed, at 400 mg/kg, the extracts inhibited the neutrophil migration by 29% and 38%, respectively, and reduced the number of the PMNS migrated into the pleural exudates by 49% and 43%, respectively. At 100 μg/mL, the methanolic and aqueous extracts inhibited neutrophil chemataxis by 81% and 71%, respectively, and reduced significantly the elastase activity with maximum values of 82% and 90%, respectively. These findings provide valuable evidence for the potential anti-inflammatory of Pistacia lentiscus leaves, suggesting that this plant can be exploited as a natural source of anti-inflammatory agents.
ABSTRACT
In order to increase the Moroccan Pistacia lentiscus L. value, the antibacterial activity of its twig’s and leave’s essential oils was evaluated. The study of antibacterial activity was performed on Gram positive bacteria Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus and Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa by the microdilution method. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) values of leaves and twigs essential oils against the four studied strains were determined and showed that both essential oils tested have remarkable antibacterial activity. Bacillus subtilis was the most sensitive strain against the two essential oils while Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most resistant one.
ABSTRACT
Abstract Plants are a large source of new bioactive molecules with therapeutic potentials. However, only a small amount of worldwide plants have been phytochemically investigated. The aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Pistacia lentiscus L., Anacardiaceae, leaves were evaluated for hypocholesterolemic activity in vivo. In this study, hypercholesterolemia was induced in animals by feeding them high cholesterol (1%) food. The extracts of P. lentiscus were orally administered at a dose of 200 mg/kg body weight along with a high cholesterol diet for thirty successive days. Lipid parameters such as total cholesterol, triacylglyceride, low density lipoprotein, very low density lipoprotein and high density lipoprotein were measured in the plasma. Total phenol and flavonoid contents were also evaluated. Flavonoid content was found to be more present in the ethanolic extract (8.218 ± 0.009 mg of QE/g) compared to the aqueous extract (3.107 ± 0.014 mg of QE/g). The administration of P. lentiscus extracts produced a significant decrease in total cholesterol, triacylglyceride and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (154.6 ± 18.10, 71.2 ± 4.38 and 99.36 ± 18.77 mg/dl respectively) in the ethanolic extract, while the aqueous extract showed a significant decrease in total cholesterol and triacylglyceride (203.6 ± 9.18 and 97.6 ± 3.57 mg/dl respectively). The results of the investigation demonstrated that P. lentiscus leaf extract has hypocholesterolemic properties and might be used for the prevention of hypercholesterolemia associated disorders.
ABSTRACT
AIM@#The current study was undertaken to assess anti-hyperlipidemic activity of Pistacia lentiscus fatty oil (PLFO) in rabbits following a hyperlipidemic diet.@*METHOD@#Twenty healthy female (WNZ) rabbits were divided into four groups of five animals each: (a) normal control (NC group) receiving standard diet, (b) hyperlipidemic control (EY) group receiving standard diet and gavaged daily with egg yolk (10 mL), (c) hyperlipidemic + PLFO (EY + PLFO) group receiving as the EY group and treated daily with PLFO (2 mL/kg BW, (d) hyperlipidemic + simvastatin (EY + SVS) group receiving as the EY group and treated once daily with 2.5 mg/kg BW of simvastatin. At the end of the six-week experimental period, the lipidemic profiles of the different groups were investigated.@*RESULTS@#In the EY group, the egg yolk resulted in a significant increase of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), HDL-C, LDL-C, and the LDL-C/HDL-C ratio. Both the EY + PLFO and EY + SVS groups, when compared to the EY group, showed a significant decrease of TC, TG, LDL-C, and the LDL-C/HDL-C ratio. However, with respect to HDL-C the differences were not significant. The TGs were significantly lower (P < 0.001) in the simvastatin-treated group when compared to rabbits treated in the PLFO group.@*CONCLUSION@#The study concludes that P. lentiscus fatty oil (PLFO) possesses anti-hyperlipidemic properties at least in reducing total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and triglycerides.
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Rabbits , Anticholesteremic Agents , Pharmacology , Therapeutic Uses , Cholesterol , Blood , Cholesterol, HDL , Blood , Cholesterol, LDL , Blood , Diet , Egg Yolk , Fruit , Hyperlipidemias , Blood , Drug Therapy , Lipids , Blood , Phytotherapy , Pistacia , Plant Oils , Pharmacology , Therapeutic Uses , Simvastatin , Pharmacology , Therapeutic Uses , Triglycerides , BloodABSTRACT
Aims: The present work aims to evaluate the antibacterial activity of essential oils of two different parts of Pistacia lentiscus (leaves and twigs) and to determine their chemical composition. Study Design: An experimental study Place and Duration of Study: 1- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology Saïss, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, MOROCCO. 2- Laboratory of Aromatic Plants, Medicinal and Natural Substances, National Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez. MOROCCO. Between November 2012 and April 2013. Methodology: The study of antibacterial activity was performed on gram-negative bacteria Salmonella sp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Mycobacterium smegmatis and Mycobacterium MC² 155 aurum A+ and gram positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus sp. and Enterococcus faecalis by the method of agar diffusion. The chemical composition of essential oils was identified by gas chromathography. Results: These oils presented an important antibacterial activity against Salmonella sp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus sp., Enterococcus faecalis, Mycobacterium aurum, Mycobacterium smegmatis. The use of gas chromatography enabled us to identify a total of 43 volatile components in the essential oil of twigs and 36 in leaves, representing respectively 95.9% and 86.8% of the chemical composition of these essences. These compositions are quantitatively and qualitatively different, which seems to be due to large structure differences of the two plant parts tested. Conclusion: Current study supports the traditional use of aromatic plants as antibacterial agents.
ABSTRACT
The antimicrobial activity and antioxidant properties of Pistacia lentiscus L. and Pistacia atlantica Desf (Anacardiaceae) leaves extracts were studied against eight bacteria; five moulds and yeast. A strong antifungal activity and a weak antibacterial activity were observed. They showed also a high reducing power capacity and a weak scavenging activity for superoxide anions (14.16for P. lentiscus and 19.3for P. atlantica)